红叶藓属 Bryoerythrophyllum ，本属约27种，我国已记录有13种及2变种。

简介

形态特征

分种检索表

简介

中文名：红叶藓

拉丁名：Bryoerythrophyllum recurcirostre

科名：丛藓科 Pottiaceae

生境：广泛分布于南、北半球的温带及热带山区。

模式种：红叶鲜B. recurvirostrum (Hedw.）Chen

形态特征

植株较粗壮，散生或疏丛生，初期黄绿色，后期渐呈红褐色。茎单一或具分枝，密被叶；叶干时紧贴，卷缩或旋扭，湿时直立或背仰；呈长卵形、长椭圆形或狭长披针形，先端渐尖或圆钝呈舌状，稀剑头形；叶边平展或中下部背卷，上部常具不规则粗锐齿，稀全缘；中肋粗壮，先端稍细，在叶尖部消失或突出叶尖具小尖头；叶中上部细胞绿色，呈圆一方形或不规则五至六边形，每一细胞具数个圆形、马蹄形或环状细疣；基部细胞较长大，呈不规则长方形，平滑，常带红色；有的种类叶缘细胞带呈红棕色，多稀疏而透明，形成明显的分化边。多雌雄异株。蒴柄直立，成熟时紫红色。孢蒴短圆柱形，黄褐色，老时呈红色；环带有分化；蒴齿短，直立；齿片呈线形，密被细疣；蒴盖具斜长喙；蒴帽兜形。多数种类叶腋着生球形芽胞体。

分种检索表

1.叶先端完全回钝··························3.钝头红叶藓B. brachystegium

1.叶先端渐尖，或叶先端呈稍钝，但具小尖头···························2

2.叶片呈卵圆形或卵状披针形；叶缘无分化的边缘·························3

2.叶片呈舌形；叶缘具多列胞壁厚，且平滑无疣的细胞，构成明显分化的边缘··············9

3.叶片呈阔卵圆形；雌苞叶比普通叶较阔大；基部呈鞘状···········10.细红叶藓B. tenerrimum

3.叶片呈披针形；雌苞叶不分化·································4

4．叶边全缘且全部背卷·····································5

4.叶边仅下部全缘，背卷；上部多平展，且有锯齿··························7

5.叶片狭长，呈长卵状披针形，先端狭长渐尖···················9.大红叶藓B. rubrum

5.叶片较短阔，先端较钝，具短尖头································6

6.植株较细小；叶边先端全缘或具微齿，叶基狭且无分化···········8.红叶藓B. recurviroslrum

6.植株较粗壮；叶边先端具不规则的粗锯齿，叶基阔且与上部有明显分化····13.云南红叶藓B. yunnanense

7.植株纤细；叶片厚，疏生紧贴茎上，叶基无分化···············4.锯齿红叶藓B. dentatura

7.植株较粗壮；叶片或多或少倾立，叶基有分化···························8

8.叶边全缘；中肋粗壮，长达叶尖·····················5.无齿红叶藓B. gymnostomum

8.叶边中上部具粗锯齿；中肋至叶尖稍下即消失···························12

9.植株较矮小，茎高约0. 5-2cm叶片呈长椭圆状舌形，叶先端急尖，具小尖头··············10

9.植株长大，茎高约3--5cm；叶片呈长卵披针形，叶先端渐尖··········2.深色红叶藓B. atrorubens

10.叶边具规则的细锯齿，每齿由I个细胞或仅细胞尖部突出形成·········11.东亚红叶藓B. wallichii

10.叶边具不规则的粗锯齿，每1齿由多个细胞构成··························11

11.植株特细小，茎高仅5-7cm；无性芽胞缺如··················6.异叶红叶藓B. hostile

11.植株较大，茎高可达2cm以上；叶腋具多数呈总状花序似的卵球形芽胞体···7芽胞红叶藓B. pergemmascens

12.叶片上部渐呈披针形叶尖·························1.高山红叶藓B. alpigenum

12.叶片上部圆阔具小突尖头························12.伊春红叶藓B. yichunense