请输入您要查询的百科知识:

 

词条 一般过去时
释义

一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他;否定形式①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词;一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他。

基本概念

一般过去时(simple past tense)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,last night,in 1990,two days ago等。

一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和often,always等表式频度的时间状语连用。

过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。

时间状语

Ago(two hours ago(一段时间+ago),yesterday(句子开头或结尾),the day before yesterday,last week,last(year,night,month…),具体时间(如Jan.fourth),just now,at the age of,one day,long ago,once upon a time,and so on,this morning.long long ago(很久以前)。

动词过去式变化规则:

1.直接加ed:work—— worked look——looked play——played,

2.以不发音e结尾的单词,直接加d:live ——lived hope——hoped use——used,

3 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed:study—— studied carry——carried worry——worried,

4以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed:enjoy ——enjoyed play——played

5 以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed:stop—— stopped plan——planned

不规则变化的动词过去式:

...............

基本结构

主语+动词过去式+其他

否定形式①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词

一般疑问句 ①Did+主语+do+其他? ②Was\\Were+主语+ do sth

例句She often came to help us in those days.

I didn't know you are so busy.

特殊疑问句

疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他

一般过去式的构成形式

肯定式 疑问式 否定式 疑问否定式

I worked Did I work? I did not work Did I not work?

He(she,it) worked Did he(she,it) work? He (she,it)did not work Did he(she,it)not work?

We worked Did we work? We did not work Did we not work?

You worked Did you work? You did not work Did you not work?

They worked Did they work? They did not work Did they not work?

用法

(1)一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生,也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去的事情。

句式:主语+动词过去式+宾语+其它

I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨,我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。

He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子,抽烟抽得可凶了。

(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,如:yesterday,last week,in 1993,at that time,once,during the war,before,a few days ago,when 等等。

补充内容:(句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响)。

Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗?(你现在不饿吗?)

Yes,I have. 是的,我已经吃过了。(已经吃饱了,不想再吃了。)

When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的?(关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。)

I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。)

Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。

I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。

I ate it at 6:45。我在六点四十五分吃了。

(3) 带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时。如:yesterday(昨天)、two days ago…(两天前…… )、last year…(去年…)、the other day(前几天)、once upon a time(很久以前)、 just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前…)、 When I was 8 years old(当我八岁时…)、at+一个时间点

Did you have a party the other day?

前几天,你们开了晚会了吗?

Lei Feng was a good soldier.

雷锋是个好战士。

注意

在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时。

(4)表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。

The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.

那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了。

(5) 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always,never等连用。

Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.

彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。

(只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞。)

比较

Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.

彼得太太老是带着伞。

(说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)

Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.

彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。(表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦)

I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。

(不涉及到现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)

(6)如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做,而现在不那样做了)

He used to drink alcohol.

他过去喝酒。

(意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了)

I used to take a walk in the morning.

我过去是在早晨散步。

(意味着现在不在早晨散步了)

比较:

I took a walk in the morning.

我曾经在早晨散过步。

(只是说明过去这一动作)

(7)有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们中国学生往往出错,要特别注意!

I didn''t know you were in Paris.

我不知道你在巴黎。

(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.)

I thought you were ill.

我以为你病了呢。

(这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病)

辨别正误

Li Ming studied English this morning.

(把此句变为一般疑问句)

(×)1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning?

(动词应该用原形)

(×) 2. Does Li ming Study English this morning?

(时态应该用原句子的时态)

(×) 3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning?

(应该用一般动词,而不是be动词)(动词应变原型)

(О) 4.Did Li Ming study Enghish this morning?

已过:在过去发生的动作。

主动:

肯定句型① be 分为was,were ② v+ed

否定句型① was/were not ② didn’t+v

疑问句型① was/were+ 主 ② did+主+V

时状

1. yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening)

2. the day before yesterday

3. last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世纪)

4. ago

5.this morning/afternoon/evening

6.when引导的状语从句(过去时)

7.just now

8.the other day -- a few days ago.

9. at the age of 10 (过去年龄段)

10. in the old days

11. at the moment

......

动词过去式规则变化

1 直接加ed eg:work worked worked

2 以不发音的e结尾的,+d eg:live lived lived

3 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed eg:study stuied stuied

4 以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed eg:stop stopped stopped

不规则变化

例如相等 eg:cut cut

read read<;注:read和read读音不同!>

sit 英音:[sit] 美音:[sɪt] sat英音:[s&aelig;t] 美音:[s&aelig;t]

run英音:[rʌn] 美音:[rʌn] ran英音:[r&aelig;n] 美音:[r&aelig;n]

一般过去时句型结构

句型

1.一般句子

I watched TV last night.

2.一般疑问句

Did you watch TV last night

3.there be 句型

There was an apple on the table last night.

Was there an apple on the table last night

口诀

一般过去时并不难,过去动作、状态记心间。

动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。

否定句很简单,didn't 站在动原前,其它部分不要变。

一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动原、其它部分依次站。

特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。

最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记!

过去时的一般形态

1. Be 动词的一般过去时态.

在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.

构成:肯定句:主语+was (were) +表语

如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。)

否定句:主语+was (were) +not+表语

如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)

【注意】:当句中含有系动词was,were时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。如:I was on the Internt

when you called me.当你打电话给我时,我在上网。→ :I was not/wasn'ton the Internt when you called me .当你打电话给我时,我不在上网。

疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+表语

如:Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?)

肯定回答:Yes,I was. (是的,我病了。)

否定句:No,I wasn't. (不,我没病。)

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语

如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的?

2. 实义动词的一般过去时态

肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.

肯定句为:主语+动词过去式+宾语

如:I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.(我昨天九点钟回的家。)

否定句:主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语

如:I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。)

疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+宾语

如:Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗?)

肯定回答:Yes,I did. (是的,我回了。)

否定回答:No,I didn't. (不,我没回家。)

3. 助动词和情态动词过去式如下:

shall―should(将要)用于第一人称单数

will―would(将要)用于所有人称

can—could(能,会) may―might(可以) must―must (必须)

have to―had to(不得不)

助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式,后面的动词还使用原形。

如:I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。)

一般过去时讲解

一般过去时也叫单纯过去时。

例A:He worked very hard last year.

(去年他很用功。)

例B:Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday.

(史密斯先生昨天买了一辆新车。)

例C:They were here only a few minutes ago.

(几分钟前他们还在这里。)

一般过去时的用法如下:

一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去之时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它(如各例句的斜体字部分)。这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有:yesterday,yesterday morning (afternoon,evening ),just now (刚才),before (以前),then (at that time ) (当时),last +时间 (如 last week,month,year,Monday,… January,… spring,…,etc. ),that +时间 (如 that day,afternoon,summer,…,etc. ),时间 + ago (如 a few minutes ago,two weeks ago,years ago,… etc.)

“过去”的概念并不是只指如 “yesterday,last week,… ” 等,实际上“与现在对立的过去”,亦即“非现在的以前”,哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”,只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立,就必须使用一般过去时来表达。例如:

He was here only a few minutes ago.

(仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。)

I came home just now.

(我刚回到家。)

在A项我们说明了“this + 时间, today,etc.”的时间副词常用于修饰一般现在时,但是实际上只要是“与说话时的现在”对立,就必须使用一般过去时。例如:

I got up very early this morning.

(今天早晨我起床很早。)

He was late for school again today.

(今天他又迟到了。)

初中英语语法梳理和提高11动词一般过去时讲解 试题时间:2009年06月11日 作者:匿名 来源:英语教师网 4.一般过去时

1)一般过去时的构成:

用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下:

一般情况 +ed

以e字母结尾的辅音 +d

以辅音字母+y结尾 去y变i+ed

重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾字母+ed2)一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式(以be和like为例):

主 语 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式


第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I was a student.
We/You/ They were students.
He/ She was a student.
I / We/ You/ They/ liked music.
Many people liked music. I was not a student.
We/You/ They were not students.
He/ She was not a student.
I / We/ You/ They/ didn’t like music.
Many people didn’t like music. Were you a student.
Were you/ they students
Was he/ she a student
Did you/ they like music
Did many people like music?3)一般过去时的用法:

1. 过去发生的动作。例如:

The police stopped me on my way home last night.

2. 过去存在的状态。例如:

They weren't able to come because they were so busy.

3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语:

yesterday,three months ago,last year,in 1979,often,always等。

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1. r. Mott is out. But he ______ here a few minutes ago.

A. was B. is C. will be D. would be

解析:几分钟前发生的动作, 应该用一般过去时。应选 A,

2.---Hi,Tom.

---Hello,Fancy. I ______ you were here.

A.don't know B.won't think C. think D. didn't know

解析:虽然句中没有明确的时间状语, 但是可以通过上下文语境判断出, 我说这话之前不知道,但是现在知道了,表示过去的动作,要用过去时态。所以选D。

3.He promised to tell me by himself when I ______.

A. come B. would come C. came D. had come

解析:在时间状语从句中,用一般过去时表示过去将来。应选C。

一般过去时态的“三变”技巧

一变:肯定句变为否定句

【技巧1】当句中含有情态动词或助动词could,would,should等时,可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如:

I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket.

【技巧2】当句中含有系动词was,were 时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如:

I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.

【技巧3】当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was,were以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not / didn't,动词还原,构成否定句。例如:

The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.

二变:陈述句变为一般疑问句

【技巧1】移动词语的位置。将was,were,could,would,should等移到句首。例如:

He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself?

【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was,were以外的动词时,在主语之前加did,动词还原。例如:

Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old?

三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句

【技巧1】确定疑问词:人who / whom,物what,地点where,时间when / what time,原因why,频率how often,长度how long,距离how far等等。例如:

They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?

【技巧2】辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如:

The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen

一些不规则变化:

do>did see>saw make>made take>took eat>ate

read>read put>put get>got hear>heard feel>felt等等

随便看

 

百科全书收录4421916条中文百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容开放、自由的电子版百科全书。

 

Copyright © 2004-2023 Cnenc.net All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2024/11/15 21:12:03