中文解释

英文解释

中文解释

Chromoplasts是质负责色素的合成和贮存。他们像所有其他质体（包括叶绿体和leucoplasts），是在特定的光合真核生物物种的细胞器发现。

在传统意义上的Chromoplasts被发现在植物，如水果和花卉的花瓣，他们赋予其独特的颜色的彩色机关。这是始终与一个在积累的大量增加的类胡萝卜素色素。催熟番茄果实chromoplasts叶绿体中的转换，是一个典型的的例子。

Chromoplasts合成和存储如橙色色素胡萝卜素，黄色的叶黄素和其他各种红色颜料;正因为如此，他们的颜色变化取决于它们包含什么颜料。chromoplasts进化作用可能主要是作为授粉动物（如昆虫）或通过进食的各色水果的种子散布的诱食。他们可以积累大量的植物，否则水汪汪的部分不溶于水的化合物。一些类胡萝卜素在叶绿体中，也被用来作为辅助色素在光合作用中，他们采取行动，增加叶绿素的效率，在收获光能。当树叶在秋季变色，这是由于绿色的损失叶绿素揭露这些已经在叶中的类胡萝卜素。在这种情况下，产生新的类胡萝卜素相对较少。因此，在质与相关的颜料叶片衰老的变化是从积极转换chromoplasts水果和鲜花中观察到的有所不同。

应当指出，“chromoplast”一词是偶尔使用，包括任何色素，主要是为了强调对比各类leucoplasts，这是有没有颜料的质的质。从这个意义上说， 叶绿体是一个特定类型的chromoplast。“chromoplast”更经常用来表示质与绿色的叶绿素以外的颜料。

英文解释

Chromoplastsare plastidsresponsible for pigmentsynthesis and storage. They, like all other plastids (including chloroplastsand leucoplasts), are organellesfound in specific photosynthetic eukaryotic species.

Chromoplasts in the traditional sense are found in coloured organs of plants such as fruit and floral petals, to which they give their distinctive colors. This is always associated with a massive increase in the accumulation of carotenoidpigments. The conversion of chloroplasts to chromoplasts in ripening tomato fruit is a classic example.

Chromoplasts synthesize and store pigments such as orange carotene, yellow xanthophyllsand various other red pigments; as such, their color varies depending on what pigment they contain. The probable main evolutionary role of chromoplasts is to act as an attractant for pollinating animals (e.g. insects) or for seed dispersal via the eating of colored fruits. They allow the accumulation of large quantities of water-insoluble compounds in otherwise watery parts of plants. In chloroplasts, some carotenoids are also used as accessory pigments in photosynthesis, where they act to increase the efficiency of chlorophyll in harvesting light energy. When leaveschange color in autumn, it is due to the loss of green chlorophyllunmasking these carotenoids that are already present in the leaf. In this case, relatively little new carotenoids are produced. Therefore, the change in plastidpigments associated with leaf senescenceis somewhat different from the active conversion to chromoplasts observed in fruit and flowers.

It should be noted that the term "chromoplast" is occasionally utilized to include anyplastid that has pigment, mostly to emphasize the contrast with the various types of leucoplasts, which are those plastids that have no pigments. In this sense, chloroplastsare a specific type of chromoplast. Still, "chromoplast" is more often used to denote those plastids with pigments other than the green of chlorophyll.