用人工的方法，从不同生物中提取外源基因片段及载体ＤＮＡ，经过体外切割、拼接和重组，然后采取某种方法，把重组后的带有外源基因的载体ＤＮＡ引入植物细胞，并使其在植物细胞内进行复制和表达，以达到预期的改变受体植物细胞遗传特性的目的.此种过程即称为植物基因工程.已知土壤中的根癌农杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｗｍｔｅｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ）的Ｔｉ质粒和发根农杆菌（Ａ.ｒｈｉｚｏｇｅｎｅｓ）的Ｒｉ质粒是转移外源基因片段的理想载体ＤＮＡ.目的基因的Ｔｉ质粒或Ｒｉ质粒的重组体通过细菌或微粒枪射法，能转移到多数双子叶植物体内，并便受体植物表现出目的基因所控制的遗传特性.利用上述方法，目前已培养出一批具有抗虫、抗病毒或抗除草剂特性的作物“工程株”；但重组体进入水稻、小麦、玉米等单子叶植物还有困难，尚须加紧研究.

GOOGLE英文翻译:Artificial method of extraction from different biological exogenous gene fragment and vector DNA, through in vitro cutting, splicing and reorganization, and then take some kind of a way to separate the reorganized carrier with a foreign gene DNA into plant cells, and to its replication in plant cells and expression in order to achieve the desired change in the genetic characteristics of plant cell receptors purpose. this process is referred to as plant genetic engineering. known to the soil Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Agrobacteriwmtemefaciens) of the Ti plasmid , and Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A.rhizogenes) of the Ri plasmid is to transfer the foreign gene fragment an ideal vector DNA. The purpose of the Ti plasmid gene or a Ri plasmid of recombinant bacteria or particles was shot by law, can be transferred to the majority of dicotyledonous plants, and plants have shown receptor gene under the control of inherited characteristics. Using this method, has cultivated a group of insect-resistant, anti-virus or anti-crop herbicide characteristics of "engineering strain"; But the reorganization of body into the rice, wheat, corn and other monocots, there are still difficulties, it would need to step up research .