词条 | 纽博格林 |
释义 | 纽博格林(Nurburgring)位于德国科隆的西北部,德国与比利时交界处的纽博格(Nurburg)小镇,赛道让其扬名天下,因而纽博格林已经成为该地的新代名词。纽博格林包含了全长22.8公里的北赛道(Nordschleife)和全长7.7公里的南赛道(Sudschleife),人们常说的赛车圣地纽博格林即指北赛道。无论对于热衷驾驶的旅行者还是汽车厂商,这里都是一个神圣的殿堂,一条漫长而富有内涵的梦幻跑道。 赛道简介1982年,一条全新设计的F1赛道诞生在德国科隆市南部约70公里的地方,目标是重新获得F1赛事的举办权利,这条赛道的名字叫做--纽博格林(Nurburgring)。赛道长度4.556公里,F1比赛全程要跑67圈共305.235公里,快慢弯道兼具,车辆的设定颇具难度。1984年,Nurburgring第一次举办F1,但在第二年1985年承办了德国站的比赛之后,这个赛道又因为车手认为比赛过程无趣而再度于F1赛程上除名。直到1995年,F1再次回到了Nurburgring,不过由于已经拥有了命名为德国站的Hockenheim(霍根海姆赛道)赛事,Nurburgring的赛事被称为欧洲站。 2002年,Nurburgring又做了不小的变动,第一个Castrol S减速弯被大幅修改,由包含了三个左弯两个右弯的复杂路线所取代,赛道长度加到5.148km,F1赛事变更为60圈。Nurburgring赛道位于漂亮的郊区,对车手来说既快速又安全,它拥有庞大的沙池缓冲区以及极为完善的安全措施。 名称来源Nurburgring是一个复合词,Ring是赛道的意思,Nurburg就是当地的地名。Nurburg坐落于德国德国西部的艾费尔高原(Eifel),海拔一般500-600米,其最高点阿赫特山(Hohe Acht)海拔747米。Eifel整个地区有深谷、火山锥、火口湖、泥炭沼泽,坡地和河谷多葡萄园和果园,西部有森林,是一个风景秀丽的地方。不过Nurburg这个名字还是来自于当地Mons Nore(678米)山顶的一座城堡,Burg意为(有围墙的)城堡,带有军事要塞的含义。Nur实际上应该是“Nür”,U上有两点。 纽博格林北环赛道纽博格林北环赛道位于德国比利时边界的郊区,为世界上最大的赛车场。赛道横贯在山原丘陵之间,在原始的山林之间任赛车高速的穿梭,赛道随着山势而起伏,宛若云霄飞车一般的比赛过程,所以被人们称之为“绿色地狱”。 旧的纽博格林北环赛道原本是德国大奖赛的举办地,是一条非常传统的跑道,有着将近70年的历史,赛道长达22公里超过150个弯道,为世界上最大的赛车场。但是自1976年耐克·劳达在此发生严重撞车意外之后,纽博格林就被排除在F1的赛程之外,而由德国的另一条赛道霍根海姆赛道所取代。 现在说的纽博格林一般就是指改建后的新纽博格林的南环赛道,它快慢弯道兼具,车辆的设定颇具难度。可新赛道在举办F1时却遭到了和旧赛道同样的挫折。在1984年第一次举办F1欧洲大奖赛后,1985年纽博格林就因为被众多车手认为比赛过程过于无趣而再度被国际汽联剔除出F1的赛程名单。几经周折后,纽博格林直到1995年才重新回到欧洲站比赛中。 其实,位于德国漂亮郊区,拥有庞大沙地的纽博格林南环赛道对车手来说是个不可多得的既快速又安全的赛场。它所包含的12个弯道和弧道也令赛事十分刺激,其中尤以可口可乐(CocaCola)弯角和卡斯特S弯(Castrol)最为著名。赛车将会在此饱受转向不足之苦,中级下压力在此是最普遍的选择。因为纽博格林超车的机会不多,所以进站策略也显得比较重要。 Nurburgring北环山道(Nurburgring Nordschleife),20.6 km,左弯88个,右弯84个,落差300多米。 值得一提的是,每年一段时间内都可以进入赛道随意涂鸦,而涂鸦也成了纽博格林北环的一个标志。 北环赛道的记录5:37**——BMW F1.06 No use a full speed (2007) 6:11.13——Porsche 956,Stefan Bellof,1000km (1983) practice(赛车最快记录) 6:44.3* 185.49 km/h-Raeder Lamborghini Gallardo VLN SP8 *race car,550 PS/1350 kg(sport auto Tracktest 11/08) 6:47——183.09 km/h-Pagani Zonda R *race car,Marc Basseng(2010) 6:48——182.69 km/h-Radical SR8LM *race car,455 PS/650 kg,Michael Vergers 6:55*——178.69 km/h-Radical SR8 *race car,360 PS/650 kg,Michael Vergers (UK)sep,28 05 6:58.16——177.16 km/h-Ferrari 599XX *race car,Raffaele di Simone,21st April 2010 7:01——Manthey Porsche GT3 race car,493 hp(AutoBild 06/2004) 7:03.28——176.90 km/h-Land Porsche 997 GT3 RSR race car,~500 PS/1220 kg,Toto Wolff 7:06——BMW M3 GTR,450 PS/1350 kg,Joerg Mueller(practice 24hrs race 2003) 7:11.57——Gumpert Apollo Speed 7:11*——172.07 0km/h——McLaren F1 XP1 LM 7:12 --- Radical SR3 Turbo race car,320 PS/500 kgs,(test drive 07/2003) 7:12.13——Dodge Viper SRT10 ACR,600PS,Dominik Farnbacher(Sep.2011) 7:12.89——Donkervoort D8 270 RS,350hp/600kg,Michael Düchting(nov,6 2005) 7:14.64——Lexus LFA 4.8 Nurburgring Package Edition(2011.8.31) 7:15.63——Edo Porsche 996 GT2 RS, 542hp/ 1284kg ,Patrick Simons (sport auto 09/2005) 7:18——Porsche 997 GT2 RS,2010 7:18.01——Donkervoort D8 RS,370 PS/670 kg,(12/2004) 7:19*——Radical SR3 1500 Turbo,Phil Bennet (jun,15 2003) 7:19.63——Corvette ZR1 2012款 7:20*——Opel Astra DTM V8 Coupe,500hp/——,set-up for 24hrs race(sport auto 2003) 7:21——Blitz Supra,650 PS/——(Autocar magazine 1997) 7:22.1——Dodge Viper SRT-10 ACR (2008) 7:22.68——2012款 雪佛兰Corvette Z06(Michelin Pilot Sport Cup轮胎、Brembo 碳陶瓷刹车系统、高性能牵引力控制管理系统和电磁悬挂行驶管理系统) 7:22.80——一辆改装的2003款BMW E46 M3 CSL(coupe sport lightweight),由个人团队LOADED. SE和ESS改装厂合力完成,(10/2007) 7:24.22——NISSAN GTR 2012款 7:24.3——Maserati MC12 Marc Basseng August 2008 7:24.65——Pagani Zonda F CLUBSPORT(2005) 7:25——Alzen Motorsport Porsche 996,24hrs race,Uwe Alzen 7:25——Porsche 911(997)GT2(2008) 7:25.3——Ferrari Enzo (9/2008) 7:26.4——Chevrolet Corvette C6 ZR1(6/2008) 7:26.70——Nissan R35 GT-R '2010 7:27.82——Pagani Zonda F CLUBSPORT,641 PS/1230 kg,Marc Basseng (09/2007) 7:28.71——Porsche Carrera GT,Walter Rohrl,(Autobild 07/2004) 7:29.03——Nissan GT-R,(FC),Tochio Suzuki(2009) 7:30*——164.48 km/h-Porsche 918 Spyder 7:31*——Porsche 997 GT2(Motor Authority,Autobild,complaining after the lap that he had to pass eleven other cars “Ich musste elf Autos ueberholen”2007) 7:32*——164.07 km/h-Porsche 997 GT2,530 PS/1440 kg,company test driver Walter Roehrl(2007) 7:32.52——Gemballa Porsche GTR 600 EVO,Wolfgang Kaufmann (2001) 7:33——163.71 km/h-Porsche 997 GT3 RS,450 PS/1417kg(sport auto 05/10) 7:33——163.71 km/h-Pagani Zonda F,602 PS/1371 kg,Horst von Saurma(sport auto 05/06) 7:33.6——Koenigsegg CCX 7:34——Koenigsegg CCR,806hp/1180kg,Horst von Saurma(sport auto),oct,17-18 2005 7:35——Ruf Rt12,650 PS/1573 kg(sport auto 01/2008) 7:35*——162.86 km/h-Nissan GT-R R35(2008) 7:36*——162.63 km/h-Mercedes SL65 AMG Black Series 7:36——AC-Schnitzer M3 CLS II E36,350 hp/——,Michelin Sport Cup R,Mattias Ekblom 7:37*——162.28 km/h-Acura NSX test mule,550 PS (2008) 7:38——Nissan GT-R R35,26,600 Meter Timing September 2007(Nissan's Kazutoshi Mizuno reported the car was running on cut slicks instead of production) 7.38*——161.63 km/h-Porsche 997 Turbo *back-to-back testing by Porsche (2008) 7:38.85 161.59 km/h-Lexus LFA,560 PS/1580 kg(AutoBild Sportscars 10/10) 7:39——porsche 997 GT3(quote sport auto 05/2006) 7.39*——Ferrari 430 Scuderia,510 PS/1250 kg (Sport Auto 2008) 7:40——Mercedes Benz SLS AMG,2010 7:40——porsche 997 Turbo,480 PS/——,Michelin Cup Sport tyres(Motortrend) 7:40——Porsche 996 GT3 RS,stock but Pirelli P Zero Corsa,Mattias Ekblom (ams) 7:40——Mercedes Benz McLaren SLR,Klaus Ludwig,Autobild July 2004 7:40——Bugatti 16/4 Veyron ,1001 hp/1980kg(Wheels magazine Australia,12/2005) 7:40*——Lamborghini Murcielago LP640,640 PS/1655 kg(Giorgio Sanna, AutoBild 01/2007) 7:41——Manthey Porsche 996 GT3 M410 ,413hp/——,(AutoBild 07/2004) 7:42——Mosler MT900S Photon,Joao Barbosa(2004) 7:42——Radical 1500 SR3 ,230hp/510kg(2002) 7:42*——FORD GT,550hp/1521kg(indicated by Octane magazine,11/2005) 7:42.9——Corvette Z06,500 PS/1319 kg,Jan Magnusen,(Sporbilen,jun,26 2005) 7:43——TechArt Porsche GT Street,620 PS/1453 kg,(sport auto 08/2002) 7:43——Porsche 996 GT3 RS,factory test driver Walter Rohrl,MOTOR Magazine 7:43.5——Lamborghini Murcielago(Autocar magazine,2002) 7:44——Pagani Zonda C12 S,555 PS/1388 kg(sport auto 07/2002) 7:44——Audi R8 V10 5.2FSI(2009) 7:45——Gemballa Porsche GTR 600,600hp/——(12/2000) 7:45——Aston Martin V8 Vantage N24 7:45*——McLaren F1,*estimated lap time Non-professional driver 7:46——Porsche 996 GT2,462 PS/1450 kg()sport auto 06/2001) 7:46——Jaguar XJ220,John Walton(EVO magzine 07/2000) 7:46——SHK Porsche 993 GT2,652hp/——(sport auto 1999) 7:46——Lamborghini Gallardo Superleggera《Auto》Luigi Moccia 08/2007 7:47——Ferrari 599GTB Fiorano,舒马赫 7.49——Porsche 996 GT3,392hp(AutoBild 2004) 7:49——Porsche 996 GT3 Cup,360 PS/1207 kg(sport auto 02/1999) 7.49——BMW X5 Le Mans,700 PS/~2000 kg,Hans-Joachim Stuck 7:49.72——Honda RC30,Helmut Daehne 1993(摩托车) 7:50——porsche 997 Carrera S(PDK)18/6/2006 7:50——BMW E46 M3 CSL(sport auto 08/2003) 7:50——Blitz Supra,750 PS,Herbert Schürg (1997) 7:50——Westfield Super 7 with Hayabusa engine 7:50.19——Volkswagen W12 Nardo(2001,大众全新的顶级跑车概念,该副六公升W12引擎,马力高达600匹)。 7:50.50 --- Audi R8 V10 Spyder(2010) 7:52 --- BMW M5 (E60), 507 PS/1844 kg 7:52 --- Chevrolet Camaro 2ss 6.2L , John Walton (EVO magzine 07/2000) 7:52 --- Gemballa Porsche 993 Le Mans (sport auto 1995) 7:52 --- Lamborghini Gallardo E-gear, 493 PS/1496 kg (sport auto 12/2003) 7:52 --- 2001 Westfield Mega Busa (Super 7 with Hayabusa engine) 7:54 --- Porsche 996 GT3 (sport auto 06/2003) 7:54 --- Mercedes CLK DTM AMG, 582bPS/1678kg, (sport auto 03/2005) 7:55 --- Caterham R500 Superlight, Robert Nearn (EVO magazine 07/2000) 7:55 --- Ferrari 430 F1, 490 PS/1493 kg (sport auto 01/2006) 7:55 --- Subaru Impreza WRX STi 2010, Tommi Makinen (16/4/2010) 7:56 --- Ferrari 360 Challenge Stradale, 425 PS/1387 kg (sport auto 02/2004) 7:56 --- Porsche 996 Turbo, 420 PS/1569 kg (sport auto 06/2000) 7:56* --- Chevrolet Corvette Z05 (tested by company chief engineer Dave Hill) 7:56.73 --- Honda NSX-R(NA2)(黑泽元治 Best Motoring video "Carrera Invasion", 赛道未封闭,2002) 7:57 --- Lotec Porsche 993 Turbo, 600PS/1558 kg, racing suspension (sport auto 05/1998) 7:57 --- Lamborghini Gallardo SE 7:58 --- Audi RS4 4.2 V8 FSI, 420 PS/ 1650 kg, Frank Stippler, oct 2005 7:59 --- Porsche 997 Carrera S , PASM setting “Performance” (Walter Roehrl WHEELS 06/ 2004) 7:59 --- Ferrari 599 GTB 7:59 --- Nissan Skyline R33 GT-R, Dirk Schoymans (Autocar magazine 97) 7:59* --- Chevrolet C6 Z51, company test driver Dave Hill 7:59.41 --- Subaru Impreza WRX STi spec.C "prototype" (2004) 8:01.72 --- Nissan R33GT-R 黑泽元治(1995) 8:03.86 --- Honda NSX-R 黑泽元治(1992) 8:04 --- Audi R8, 420 PS/1595 kg (sport auto 07/2007) 8:04 --- Lamborghini Diablo GT, 575 PS/1620 kg (07/2000) 8:05 --- Ruf CTR 8:05 --- Ferrari 575M Maranello F1,580 PS/1820 kg (12/2002) 8:06 --- Mercedes Benz SL55 AMG (sport auto 04/2002) 8:06.1 --- Subaru WRX STi Spec-C 黑泽元治 (2004) 8:07 --- Ferrari 550 Maranello , 485 PS/1724 kg (sport auto 06/1998) 8:09 --- Ferrari 360 Modena (10/1999) 8:09 --- Lamborghini Diablo SV ,520 PS/1590 kg (12/1997) 8:10 --- Aston Martin V8 Vantage (Top Gear feb,2005) 8:10 --- Dodge Viper SRT-10 8:11 --- Porsche Cayman S, 295 PS/1340 kg, Walter Roehrl (07/2005) 8:11 --- Mitsubishi Lancer EVO IX (06/2004) 8:12 --- Mercedes Benz SL55 AMG (04/2002) 8:12 --- Porsche 993 Turbo (sport auto 03/1997) 8:13 --- Dodge Viper SRT-10, 506 PS (10/2004) 8:14 --- Mercedes SL 65 AMG, 612 PS/2049 kg (01/2005) 8:14.98 --- Mitsubishi Lancer GSR Evolution VI MR 中谷明彦(2003) 8:15 --- Porsche 911 Carrera 2 (997) (Walter Rohrl June 2004) 8:16 --- Aston Martin DB9, 457hp (11/2004) 8:16.15 --- Honda NSX 黑泽元治 (1990) 8:17 --- Porsche 996 Carrera, 320 PS/1399 kg (sport auto 06/2001) 8:17 --- Aston Martin Vanquish (2003) 8:17--- BMW M1, 340PS (2011) 8:18 --- BMW Z8, 400 PS (08/2000) 8:18 --- Chevrolet Corvette Z05 Commemorative Edition, 344 PS (09/2003) 8:18 --- Ferrari F355,,380 PS/1350 kg (sport auto 06/1997) 8:20 --- Porsche 993 GT3, Walter Roehrl (Car magazine 10/1999) 8:20 --- Audi RS6, 400 PS/ 1815 kg (sport auto 03/2001) 8:20 --- BMW M3 E36, 321 hp (Autocar magazine 1997) 8:22 --- BMW E46 M3 , 343 PS/1584 kg (sport auto 12/2000) 8:22 --- Mercedes-Benz C55 (07/2004) 8:22.38 --- Nissan R32GT-R 黑泽元治 (1989) 8:23 --- Aston Martin DB7 GT (2003) 8:23 --- Porsche 996 Carrera 4(01/2002) 8:24 --- Subaru Impreza WRX STi (2004) STI版本 8:24 --- Mercedes SLK 55 AMG, 360PS/1566kg (04/2005), 8:25 --- Mitsubishi Carisma GT Evo VII (11/2002) 8:25 --- Audi RS4 (10/2000) 8:25 --- Mitsubishi Carisma GT Evo VI (11/1999) 8:26 --- Nissan 350Z ,280 PS/1526 kg (sport auto 10/2003) 8:28 --- BMW M5 E39, 400 PS/1833 kg (also confirmed by Motor Commodore magazine, 2000) 8:28 --- Porsche 993 Carrera 2 ,285 PS/1452 kg(01/1998) 8:28 --- Porsche 993 Carrera Cabrio (sport auto 04/1997) 8:28 --- Nissan Skyline GTR, 277 PS 8:28.93 --- Subaru Impreza WRX sedan (1992) 8:29 --- Mercedes Benz CLK 55 AMG (05/2000) 8:29 --- Audi S4 4.2 Avant (11/2003) 8:30 --- Maserati Coupé Cambiocorsa (10/2002) 8:31.--- CADILLAC STS-V, 440PS/1948 kg 8:31.42 --- Ferrari F355, 380hp (Top Gear magazine) 8:32 --- BMW Z4 3.0 SMG (05/2003) 8:32 --- Porsche Boxster S 8:32 --- Lotus Exige, 192hp (sport auto 08/2004) 8:32 --- BMW M Roadster, 321 PS/1410 kg (sport auto 09/1997) 8:32 --- Volkswagen Golf R32, 250 PS 8:33.80 --- Honda NSX (6-speed) Coupe, 276 PS (Top Gear magazine) 8:34 --- BMW Z3 Coupe 3.0i,231 PS/1350 kg (sport auto 04/2001) 8:34 --- Opel Speedster Turbo, 220 PS (04/2004) 8:34 --- Acura NSX, 276 PS 8:35 --- BMW 130i 258 PS/1350 kg 8:35 --- BMW M3 SMG E36, 321 PS/1515 kg (sport auto 03/1997) 8:35 --- Brabus-Mercedes Benz C V8 Sportcoupé, 426 PS/1635 kg (sport auto 02/2002) 8:35 --- Opel Speedster Turbo, 220 PS 8:36 --- Porsche Boxster ′03, 228 PS/1370 kg (sport auto 02/2003) 8:36 --- BMW E36 M3 EVO, 321 PS 8:36 --- Alpina-BMW B3 3.3 Coupé (sport auto 07/1999) 8:36 --- Jaguar XKR Performance Kit, 363 PS/1703 kg (sport auto 09/2000) 8:37 --- Maserati 3200GT (2002) 8:37 --- Mercedes Benz C32 AMG (sport auto 09/2001) 8:37 --- Subaru Impreza GT Turbo , 218 PS/1290 kg (sport auto 03/2000) 8:37 --- Nissan Skyline GTR V-Spec, 350 PS 8:37 --- VW Golf R32 (02/2003) 8:37.10 --- Nissan GTR V, 350 pS (Top Gear maagzine) 8:38 --- Brabus-Mercedes Benz CLK 5.8, 400 PS/1592 kg (sport auto 12/1998) 8:38 --- Mercedes Benz SL500, 306 PS/1852 kg (12/2001) 8:38 --- Honda NSX 3.2, 280 PS/1386 kg (sport auto 08/1997) 8:38 --- Renault Megane Sport Trophy “sport auto” edition, 225PS/1371 kg (sport auto 6/2005) 8:39 --- Honda S2000, 240 PS/1275 kg (sport auto 01/2000) 8:39 --- Morgan Aero 8 ,286 PS/1193 kg (sport auto 04/2003) 8:40 --- Holden GTS, on an in and out lap (2000) 8:40 --- Chevrolet Corvette C5 automatic, 344 PS/1505 kg (sport auto 07/1997) 8:41 --- Aston Martin DB7 (1999) 8:41 --- Audi S3, 210 PS/1489 kg (sport auto 06/1999) 8:42 --- Lotus Exige, 179 PS/796 kg, (sport auto 11/2000) 8:42 --- Audi TT 1.8 quattro w. ESP, 225 PS/1461 kg, (07/2001) 8:42 --- Audi S4, 265 PS/1592 kg (sport auto 08/1998) 8:42 --- BMW Alpina B3 3.3, 280 PS/1495 kg (sport auto 07/1999) 8:43 --- Honda Integra Type R (sport auto 12/2000) 8:44 --- Chevrolet Corvette C5 8:44.83 --- Chevrolet Corvette Coupe, 339 PS, automatic (Top Gear maagzine) 8:47 --- Honda Civic Type-R, 200 PS/1246 kg (11/2001) 8:47.99 --- Opel Corsa OPC (28/8/2007) 8:49 --- Jaguar XKR Coupe 363 PS/1703 kg (sport auto 07/1998) 8:49 --- Audi TT 1.8T quattro Coupé, 225 PS/1461 kg (sport auto 11/1998) 8:49 --- Renault Clio Sport V6, 226 PS/1381 kg (sport auto 07/2001) 8:50 --- BMW Alpina B10 3.2, 260 PS/1600 kg (sport auto 04/1998) 8:50* --- Mercedes Benz E55 AMG (sport auto 2000) 8:51 --- Alfa Romeo 156 GTA, 231 PS/1350 kg (05/2002) 8:51 --- Mercedes Benz C43 AMG, 306 PS/1571 kg (sport auto 12/2001) 8:51* --- Ford Focus ST, 225 PS/1330 kg (sport auto 09/2005) (*mfr.) 8:52 --- VW Golf GTI DSG, 200 PS/1421 kg (sport auto 11/2005) 8:52 --- Mercedes Benz CLK 430, 279 PS/1564 kg (sport auto 09/2001) 8:54 --- VW Golf GTI 25th Anniversary, 180 hp, 1320 kg (sport auto 01/2002) 8:55 --- Mini Cooper S Works, 200 hp (2004) 8:58 --- Lotus Esprit Turbo SE (sport auto 07/1997) 2009年10月13日,作为中国首款挑战世界最难赛道的中高端轿车,瑞麒G5于10月13日现身纽博格林北环赛道,以8分56秒的成绩,完成了上市前的一次完美极限征服。 |
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