smartd是一个守护进程（一个帮助程序），它能监视拥有自我监视，分析和汇报技术(Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology - SMART)的硬盘。 SMART系统使得硬盘能监视并汇报自己的运行状况。它的一个重要特性是能够预测失败，使得系统管理员能避免数据丢失。

概念

smartd使用

概念

smartd由kernel-utils包缺省安装。用命令 rpm -ql kernel-utils 可以列出kernel-utils包中的文件。

smartd守护进程通常在系统启动的时候被开启，它的配置文件是/etc/smartd.conf。

比如，假设有两个硬盘被安装，/dev/hda和/dev/hdb。一个是CD_ROM设备，另一个是硬盘。为了检测它们是否支持SMART，使用命令 smartctl -i /dev/hda 和 smartctl -i /dev/hdb：

# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hdasmartctl version 5.1-11 Copyright (C) 2002-3 Bruce AllenHome page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===Device Model: ST380011ASerial Number: 3JVB672NFirmware Version: 8.01Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]ATA Version is: 6ATA Standard is: ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 2Local Time is: Fri Aug 20 14:09:16 2004 ESTSMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.SMART support is: Enabled”SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.“这行说明支持SMART。"SMART support is: Enabled”这行说明SMART已经被打开。

CD-ROM设备和旧式的硬盘不支持SMART，这可以从smartctl -i /dev/hdb的输出看出：

# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hdbsmartctl version 5.1-11 Copyright (C) 2002-3 Bruce AllenHome page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===Device Model: LTN526DSerial Number: [No Information Found]Firmware Version: 9S03Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]ATA Version is: 1ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicatedLocal Time is: Fri Aug 20 14:24:43 2004 ESTSMART is only available in ATA Version 3 Revision 3 or greater.We will try to proceed in spite of this.SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.A mandatory SMART command has failed: exiting. To continue, use the -T option to set the tolerance level to 'permissive' 注意有些硬盘控制器不支持SMART。比如有些硬件RAID控制器不支持，或者不会传递SMART信息，即使加入的硬盘支持SMART。

可以修改/etc/smartctl.conf文件，使得smartd只监视你想监视的设备。假设只有/dev/hda需要被监视，在该设备上如果有警告信息发生，需要把它发给根用户，那么/etc/smartd.conf需要这样修改：

# /etc/smartd.conf# Sample configuration file for smartd. See man 5 smartd.conf.# Home page is: http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net...# A very silent check. Only report SMART health status if it fails# But send an email in this case/dev/hda -a -m root@localhost.localdomain ... 编辑完/etc/smartd.conf，重启该守护进程：

# /sbin/service smartd restartShutting down smartd: [FAILED]Starting smartd: [ OK ]

要设置smartd在系统启动时候被激活，在根用户下用 chkconfig smartd on 命令。

#chkconfig smartd off

这是关闭smartd服务自动启动，机器重新启动时smartd不再运行！

smartd使用

smartd是一个守护进程（一个帮助程序），它能监视拥有自我监视，分析和汇报技术(Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology - SMART)的硬盘。

SMART系统使得硬盘能监视并汇报自己的运行状况。它的一个重要特性是能够预测失败，使得系统管理员能避免数据丢失。

smartd由kernel-utils包缺省安装。用命令 rpm -ql kernel-utils 可以列出kernel-utils包中的文件。

smartd守护进程通常在系统启动的时候被开启，它的配置文件是/etc/smartd.conf。

比如，假设有两个硬盘被安装，/dev/hda和/dev/hdb。一个是CD_ROM设备，另一个是硬盘。为了检测它们是否支持SMART，使用命令 smartctl -i /dev/hda 和 smartctl -i /dev/hdb：

# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hda

smartctl version 5.1-11 Copyright (C) 2002-3 Bruce Allen

Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===

Device Model: ST380011A

Serial Number: 3JVB672N

Firmware Version: 8.01

Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]

ATA Version is: 6

ATA Standard is: ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 2

Local Time is: Fri Aug 20 14:09:16 2004 EST

SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.

SMART support is: Enabled

”SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.“这行说明支持SMART。"SMART support is: Enabled”这行说明SMART已经被打开。

CD-ROM设备和旧式的硬盘不支持SMART，这可以从smartctl -i /dev/hdb的输出看出：

# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hdb

smartctl version 5.1-11 Copyright (C) 2002-3 Bruce Allen

Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===

Device Model: LTN526D

Serial Number: [No Information Found]

Firmware Version: 9S03

Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]

ATA Version is: 1

ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated

Local Time is: Fri Aug 20 14:24:43 2004 EST

SMART is only available in ATA Version 3 Revision 3 or greater.

We will try to proceed in spite of this.

SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.

A mandatory SMART command has failed: exiting. To continue, use the -T

option to set the tolerance level to 'permissive'

注意有些硬盘控制器不支持SMART。比如有些硬件RAID控制器不支持，或者不会传递SMART信息，即使加入的硬盘支持SMART。

可以修改/etc/smartctl.conf（注：应是 /etc/smart.conf ？）文件，使得smartd只监视你想监视的设备。假设只有/dev/hda需要被监视，在该设备上如果有警告信息发生，需要把它发给根用户，那么/etc/smartd.conf需要这样修改：

# /etc/smartd.conf

# Sample configuration file for smartd. See man 5 smartd.conf.

# Home page is: http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net

...

# A very silent check. Only report SMART health status if it fails

# But send an email in this case

/dev/hda -a -m root@localhost.localdomain ...

编辑完/etc/smartd.conf，重启该守护进程：

# /sbin/service smartd restart

Shutting down smartd: [FAILED]

Starting smartd: [ OK ]

要设置smartd在系统启动时候被激活，在根用户下用 chkconfig smartd on 命令。

/etc/smartd.conf文件写的很好，有很多例子可以参考。

关于Linux smartmon工具的更多信息，可以在

http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net

找到。关于SMART的常用信息，可以在

http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/#references

找到。

[root@anima lwg]# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hda

smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen

Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===

Device Model: Maxtor 6Y080L0

Serial Number: Y2NCM7GE

Firmware Version: YAR41BW0

User Capacity: 81,964,302,336 bytes

Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]

ATA Version is: 7

ATA Standard is: ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 0

Local Time is: Tue Sep 19 15:06:58 2006 CST

SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.

SMART support is: Enabled

[root@anima lwg]# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hdc

smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen

Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===

Device Model: ATAPI-CD ROM-DRIVE-52MAX

Serial Number: [No Information Found]

Firmware Version: Ver 52E4

Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]

ATA Version is: 1

ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated

Local Time is: Tue Sep 19 15:07:04 2006 CST

SMART is only available in ATA Version 3 Revision 3 or greater.

We will try to proceed in spite of this.

SMART support is: Unavailable - Packet Interface Devices [this device: CD/DVD] don't support ATA SMART

A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or more '-T permissive' options.

[root@anima lwg]# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hdd

smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen

Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===

Device Model: Maxtor 6Y060L0

Serial Number: Y2N48WXE

Firmware Version: YAR41BW0

User Capacity: 61,492,838,400 bytes

Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]

ATA Version is: 7

ATA Standard is: ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 0

Local Time is: Tue Sep 19 15:07:07 2006 CST

SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.

SMART support is: Enabled

[root@anima lwg]# /etc/init.d/smartd restart

Shutting down smartd: [FAILED]

Starting smartd: [FAILED]

[root@anima lwg]# cat /etc/smartd.conf

/dev/hda -H -m root@localhost.localdomain

/dev/hdb -H -m root@localhost.localdomain

[root@anima lwg]# cp /etc/smartd.conf /etc/smartd.conf.bak

[root@anima lwg]# vim /etc/smartd.conf

#修改了监视设备，并设置在相应设备上如果有警告信息发生，需要把它发给根用户。

#下列两行注释是原文内容：

#/dev/hda -H -m root@localhost.localdomain

#/dev/hdb -H -m root@localhost.localdomain

/dev/hda -a -m root@localhost.localdomain

/dev/hdd -a -m root@localhost.localdomain

[root@anima lwg]#

[root@anima lwg]# /etc/init.d/smartd restart

Shutting down smartd: [FAILED]

Starting smartd: [ OK ]

[root@anima lwg]#

[root@anima lwg]# /usr/sbin/smartd --help

smartd version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen

Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

Usage: smartd [options]

-c NAME|-, --configfile=NAME|-

Read configuration file NAME or stdin [default is /etc/smartd.conf]

-d, --debug

Start smartd in debug mode

-D, --showdirectives

Print the configuration file Directives and exit

-h, --help, --usage

Display this help and exit

-i N, --interval=N

Set interval between disk checks to N seconds, where N >= 10

-l local[0-7], --logfacility=local[0-7]

Use syslog facility local0 - local7 or daemon [default]

-p NAME, --pidfile=NAME

Write PID file NAME

-q WHEN, --quit=WHEN

Quit on one of: nodev, errors, nodevstartup, never, onecheck

-r, --report=TYPE

Report transactions for one of: ioctl[,N], ataioctl[,N], scsiioctl[,N]

-V, --version, --license, --copyright

Print License, Copyright, and version information

[root@anima lwg]# /usr/sbin/smartctl --help

smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen

Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

Usage: smartctl [options] device

============================================ SHOW INFORMATION OPTIONS =====

-h, --help, --usage

Display this help and exit

-V, --version, --copyright, --license

Print license, copyright, and version information and exit

-i, --info

Show identity information for device

-a, --all

Show all SMART information for device

================================== SMARTCTL RUN-TIME BEHAVIOR OPTIONS =====

-q TYPE, --quietmode=TYPE (ATA)

Set smartctl quiet mode to one of: errorsonly, silent

-d TYPE, --device=TYPE

Specify device type to one of: ata, scsi, marvell, 3ware,N

-T TYPE, --tolerance=TYPE (ATA)

Tolerance: normal, conservative, permissive, verypermissive

-b TYPE, --badsum=TYPE (ATA)

Set action on bad checksum to one of: warn, exit, ignore

-r TYPE, --report=TYPE

Report transactions (see man page)

============================== DEVICE FEATURE ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS =====

-s VALUE, --smart=VALUE

Enable/disable SMART on device (on/off)

-o VALUE, --offlineauto=VALUE (ATA)

Enable/disable automatic offline testing on device (on/off)

-S VALUE, --saveauto=VALUE (ATA)

Enable/disable Attribute autosave on device (on/off)

======================================= READ AND DISPLAY DATA OPTIONS =====

-H, --health

Show device SMART health status

-c, --capabilities (ATA)

Show device SMART capabilities

-A, --attributes

Show device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values

-l TYPE, --log=TYPE

Show device log. TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory

-v N,OPTION , --vendorattribute=N,OPTION (ATA)

Set display OPTION for vendor Attribute N (see man page)

-F TYPE, --firmwarebug=TYPE (ATA)

Use firmware bug workaround: none, samsung, samsung2

-P TYPE, --presets=TYPE (ATA)

Drive-specific presets: use, ignore, show, showall

============================================ DEVICE SELF-TEST OPTIONS =====

-t TEST, --test=TEST

Run test. TEST is: offline short long conveyance select,M-N pending,N afterselect,on afterselect,off

-C, --captive

Do test in captive mode (along with -t)

-X, --abort

Abort any non-captive test on device

=================================================== SMARTCTL EXAMPLES =====

smartctl -a /dev/hda (Prints all SMART information)

smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/hda

(Enables SMART on first disk)

smartctl -t long /dev/hda (Executes extended disk self-test)

smartctl --attributes --log=selftest --quietmode=errorsonly /dev/hda

(Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)

smartctl -a --device=3ware,2 /dev/sda

(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk on 3ware RAID controller)

[root@anima lwg]#